GEOS-Chem 14.2.0: Difference between revisions
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|colspan="4"|'''''Below we summarize the notable changes caused by specific updates. See also the [[#1-month internal benchmarks|internal benchmark results]] which isolate impacts from specific updates.''''' | |colspan="4"|'''''Below we summarize the notable changes caused by specific updates. See also the [[#1-month internal benchmarks|internal benchmark results]] which isolate impacts from specific updates.''''' | ||
''''' | '''1. [https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1227-2023 Nitrate photolysis]''' | ||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''2. [https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/22/12093/2022/acp-22-12093-2022.html Update VOC fire emissions and adding lumped furan]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''3. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1585 Reinstate Iy sink reactions on alkaline sea salt aerosol and remove IONO2 recycling on alkaline sea salt aerosol]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''4. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1547 Fix sea salt alkalinity and heterogeneous acid-catalyzed halogen chemistry]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''5. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1627 Add S(IV)+HOBr and S(IV)+HOCl reactions into fullchem mechanism (they had been inadvertently omitted)]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''6. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1662 Prevent divide-by-zero error in sulfur chemistry]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''7. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1529 Bug fix: Initialize CO2 to a relevant value for full-chemistry]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''8. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1746 Fix bug in HOBr uptake rate calculation]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | |||
'''9. [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1646 Restore vertical allocation of CEDS energy and industry emissions]''' | |||
<blockquote></blockquote> | <blockquote></blockquote> |
Revision as of 21:05, 26 June 2023
This page includes information about GEOS-Chem 14.2.0. The GEOS-Chem model development priorities page lists additional developments that may be added.
Version overview
This version is currently in development
The following items have been added to GEOS-Chem 14.2.0. Also see the following Github pages:
- 14.2.0 milestone for geoschem/GCClassic
- 14.2.0 milestone for geoschem/GCHP
- 14.2.0 milestone for geoschem/geos-chem (science code)
- 3.7.0 milestone for geoschem/HEMCO
Feature | Contributor(s) | Model scope | Notes and references |
---|---|---|---|
Updates that will affect full-chemistry benchmark simulations | |||
Nitrate photolysis | Viral Shah (NASA GMAO) | Chemistry | |
Update VOC fire emissions and adding lumped furan | Colette Heald (MIT) Tess Carter (MIT) |
Chemistry | |
Reinstate Iy sink reactions on alkaline sea salt aerosol and remove IONO2 recycling on alkaline sea salt aerosol | Becky Alexander (UW) | Chemistry | |
Fix sea salt alkalinity and heterogeneous acid-catalyzed halogen chemistry | Becky Alexander (UW) | Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Add S(IV)+HOBr and S(IV)+HOCl reactions into fullchem mechanism (they had been inadvertently omitted) | Becky Alexander (UW) | Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Prevent divide-by-zero error in sulfur chemistry | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Bug fix: Initialize CO2 to a relevant value for full-chemistry | Mike Long (GMAO) Bob Yantosca (Harvard) |
Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Fix bug in HOBr uptake rate calculation | Viral Shah (GMAO) | Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Change relative tolerance back to 0.5e-2 to address model slowdown from other 14.2.0 chemistry updates | Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) | Chemistry Bug fix |
|
Restore vertical allocation of CEDS energy and industry emissions | Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) | Emissions Bug fix |
|
Updates that will NOT affect full-chemistry benchmark simulations | |||
Update entrainment-limited kinetics in clouds | Chris Holmes (FSU) | Chemistry |
|
Now use consistent behavior when the first call to the KPP integrator fails | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Chemistry |
|
Extend GFED4 biomass burning data through Oct 2022 | Makoto Kelp (Harvard) Bob Yantosca (Harvard) |
Emissions |
|
Add climatology option for GFED4 biomass burning emissions | Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) | Emissions | |
Add climatology option for lightning NOx | Lee Murray (Rochester) Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) |
Emissions | |
Fixes for reading masks in HEMCO | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) Haipeng Lin (Harvard) |
HEMCO Bug fix |
|
Remove computational bottlenecks in hco_calc_mod.F90 | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | HEMCO Bug fix |
|
Add compatibility for NAG compiler in HEMCO | Francis Vitt (NCAR) Haipeng Lin (Harvard) |
HEMCO | |
Updates and fixes for the CH4 simulation
|
Todd Mooring (Harvard) | CH4 & carbon simulations | |
Update global anthropogenic CH4 emissions to EDGARv7.0 | Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) | CH4 & carbon simulations Emissions |
|
Methane emissions from hydropower reservoirs | Kyle Delwiche (UC Berkeley) Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) |
CH4 & carbon simulations Emissions |
|
Add RxnConst diagnostic for archiving reaction rate constants | Haipeng Lin (Harvard) | Diagnostics | |
Store HEMCO restart files in the run directory Restarts/ subdirectory | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Structural | |
Reduce log file output in GEOS-Chem and HEMCO | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Structural | |
Remove NcdfUtil/perl directory from GEOS-Chem and HEMCO | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Structural | |
Restructure photolysis to abstract original Fast-JX | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Structural |
|
Remove array temporaries from seasalt_mod.F90 and carbon_mod.F90 | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Structural Bug fix |
|
Do not halt benchmark simulations and integration/parallel tests if there are missing species in restart files and/or boundary conditions | Bob Yantosca (Harvard) | Testing | |
Fix typo in Intel debug option in CMakeLists.txt | Lee Murray (Rochester) | GCC Build Bug fix |
|
Fix bug in global 0.25x0.3125 HEMCO standalone simulations | Melissa Sulprizio (Harvard) | HEMCO standalone | |
Add run configuration files for WRF-GC | Haipeng Lin (Harvard) | WRF-GC | |
Allow the use of OFFLINE_SEASALT for seasalt alkalinity, Cl, and Br in GEOS-Chem within CESM | Haipeng Lin (Harvard) | CESM-GC |
|
Use MODEL_CESM instead of HEMCO_CESM CPP switch in HEMCO | Haipeng Lin (Harvard) | HEMCO CESM-GC |
|
Updates that will only affect GCHP | |||
Use dry pressure in GCHP advection | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Advection | |
Fix bug in tagged ozone simulation that caused simulation to crash | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Bug fix | |
Write all checkpoint files directly to Restarts directory and rename mid-run checkpoints | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Run directory | |
Add configurable option to allow overwriting diagnostics (enabled by default) | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Run directory | |
Make run-time configurable option for requiring presence of all species in restart file | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Run directory | |
Fix bug preventing running with over 3000 cores | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Bug fix | |
Make FindESMF.cmake use consistent libs | Sebastian Eastham (MIT) | Build system | |
Update GCHP check for python and bc libs to prevent error checking fail | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Run directory | |
Fix GCHP time_mod start and elapsed times | Lizzie Lundgren (Harvard) | Bug fix | |
Fix error in pressure level edge construction | Sebastian Eastham (MIT) | Advection |
New data directories
The following data directories have been added or updated in this version. You will have to download the directories relevant to your simulation.
Inventory | Simulations | What was added? | Directory |
---|---|---|---|
GFED4 biomass burning | Several |
|
ExtData/HEMCO/GFED4/v2023-03 |
EDGARv7.0, GC_CH4_LOSS, ResME | CH4 | ExtData/HEMCO/CH4/v2023-04 |
1-month full-chemistry benchmarks
1-month benchmark setup
The following table describes the GEOS-Chem setup for both GEOS-Chem Classic and GCHP 1-month benchmark simulations.
Git tag(s): |
|
Compared to previous benchmark: | 14.1.1 |
Software environment: |
|
Model resolution: |
|
Meteorology fields: | MERRA-2
|
Initial conditions: | July 1, 2019
|
Benchmark month: | July 2019 |
Chemistry setup: | See fullchem.eqn |
This version will impact: (select all that apply with boldface) |
|
1-month internal benchmarks
Each update that will introduce a significant change in the full-chemistry simulation is tagged with an alpha version in Git. For each of these alpha versions, the GCST runs an internal 1-month benchmark simulation to isolate the impact from that update.
For more details on the update(s) included in each alpha version and a link to benchmark results, see this Google sheet.
1-month benchmark assessment form
Performance | GEOS-Chem Classic | GCHP | |
---|---|---|---|
Grid resolution: | 4° x 5° | C24 | |
# CPUs, nodes: | 62 CPUs 1 node (AWS) |
62 CPUs 1 nodes (AWS) | |
Wall time: | 07:13 | 07:49 | |
Memory | 12.1 GB | 40.0 GB | |
Global mean OH: (% change from previous version) |
13.10319997289 x 105 molec/cm3 (+5.36%) |
13.11612003755 x 105 molec/cm3 (+5.54%) | |
Methyl chloroform lifetime: (% change from previous version) |
4.744647 years (-4.49%) |
4.720860 years (-4.71%) | |
Methane lifetime: (% change from previous version) |
8.004795 years (-4.38%) |
7.961379 years (-4.60%) | |
Details | |||
Species, J-Values, and COLUMN AOD values that changed by 10% or more at the surface: | GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | GCHP 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | |
Species and J-Values that changed by 10% or more at 500 hPa: | GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | GCHP 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | |
Species and J-Values that changed by 10% or more in zonal mean: | GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | GCHP 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | |
Emissions that changed by 10% or more: | GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | GCHP 14.2.0 vs 14.1.1 | |
Overview | |||
Below we summarize the notable changes caused by specific updates. See also the internal benchmark results which isolate impacts from specific updates.
|
1-month GEOS-Chem Classic version comparison (14.2.0 vs 14.1.1)
Below are links to plots and tables comparing 1-month simulations for GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 (Dev) and GEOS-Chem Classic 14.1.1 (Ref).
Species Category | Plots | Additional Information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level Map | Zonal Mean | Emissions | ||||
Oxidants
O3, CO, OH, NOx |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | sfc | |
Aerosols
DST1, DST2, DST3, DST4, NH4, NIT, SO4, HMS, BCPI, BCPO, OCPI, OCPO, AERI, BrSALA, BrSALC, ISALA, ISALC, NITs, SALA, SALC, SO4s, Simple_SOA, Complex_SOA, pFe |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | AOD |
Bromine
Bry, BrOx, Br, Br2, BrCl, BrNO2, BrNO3, BrO, CH3Br, CH2Br2, CHBr3, HOBr, HBr |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Chlorine
Cly, ClOx, Cl, ClO, Cl2, Cl2O2, ClOO, ClNO2, ClNO3, CCl4, CFCs, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CH3CCl3, CHCl3, HOCl, HCl, Halons, HCFCs, OClO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
Iodine
Iy, IxOy, I, I2, IBr, ICl, IO, IONO, IONO2, CH3I, CH2I2, CH2ICl, CH2IBr, HI, HOI, OIO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Nitrogen
NOy, NOx, HNO2, HNO3, HNO4, MPAN, NIT, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, MPN, PAN, PPN, N2O, NHx, NH3, NH4, MENO3, ETNO3, IPRNO3, NPRNO3, AONITA, ETHN, BZPAN, NPHEN |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Primary Organics
EOH, MOH, ISOP, MTPA, MTPO, LIMO, ALK4, BENZ, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, PRPE, TOLU, XYLE |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organics
ACTA, ALD2, BALD, CH2O, HPALDs, MACR, IEPOX, ACET, HAC, MEK, MVK, ISOPN, GLYC, GLYX, HCOOH, MAP, PHEN, RCHO, ETHP, MP |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organic Aerosols
TSOA0, TSOA1, TSOA2, TSOA3, ASOA1, ASOA2, ASOA3, ASOAN, TSOG0, TSOG1, TSOG2, TSOG3, ASOG1, ASOG2, ASOG3, INDIOL, LVOCOA, SOAIE, SOAGX, SOAP, SOAS |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Sulfur
SOx, DMS, HMS, OCS, SO2, SO4 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
ROy
H2O2, H, H2, H2O, HO2, O1D, OH, RO2 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
J-values | sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | -- |
Emissions by HEMCO category | Total
Aircraft, Anthropogenic, Biomass Burning, Biogenic, Lightning, Natural, Ocean, Seabirds, Decaying Plants, Ship, Soil, Degassing Volcanoes, Erupting Volcanoes | |||||
Emission totals | Tables by species | |||||
Global mass | Entire atmosphere | |||||
Metrics | OH concentration, MCF lifetime, CH4 lifetime |
1-month GCHP version comparison (14.2.0 vs 14.1.1)
Below are links to plots and tables comparing 1-month simulations for GCHP 14.2.0 (Dev) and GCHP 14.1.1 (Ref).
Species Category2 | Plots | Additional Information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level Map | Zonal Mean | Emissions | ||||
Oxidants
O3, CO, OH, NOx |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Aerosols
DST1, DST2, DST3, DST4, NH4, NIT, SO4, BCPI, BCPO, OCPI, OCPO, AERI, BrSALA, BrSALC, ISALA, ISALC, NITs, SALA, SALC, SO4s, Simple_SOA, Complex_SOA, pFe |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | AOD |
Bromine
Bry, BrOx, Br, Br2, BrCl, BrNO2, BrNO3, BrO, CH3Br, CH2Br2, CHBr3, HOBr, HBr |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Chlorine
Cly, ClOx, Cl, ClO, Cl2, Cl2O2, ClOO, ClNO2, ClNO3, CCl4, CFCs, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CH3CCl3, CHCl3, HOCl, HCl, Halons, HCFCs, OClO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
Iodine
Iy, IxOy, I, I2, IBr, ICl, IO, IONO, IONO2, CH3I, CH2I2, CH2ICl, CH2IBr, HI, HOI, OIO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Nitrogen
NOy, NOx, HNO2, HNO3, HNO4, MPAN, NIT, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, MPN, PAN, PPN, N2O, NHx, NH3, NH4, MENO3, ETNO3, IPRNO3, NPRNO3 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Primary Organics
EOH, MOH, ISOP, MTPA, MTPO, LIMO, ALK4, BENZ, CH4, C2H6, C3H8, PRPE, TOLU, XYLE |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organics
ACTA, ALD2, CH2O, HPALDs, MACR, IEPOX, ACET, HAC, MEK, MVK, ISOPN, GLYC, GLYX, HCOOH, MAP, RCHO, MP |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organic Aerosols
TSOA0, TSOA1, TSOA2, TSOA3, ASOA1, ASOA2, ASOA3, ASOAN, TSOG0, TSOG1, TSOG2, TSOG3, ASOG1, ASOG2, ASOG3, INDIOL, LVOCOA, SOAIE, SOAGX, SOAP, SOAS |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Sulfur
SOx, DMS, HMS, OCS, SO2, SO4 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
ROy
H2O2, H, H2, H2O, HO2, O1D, OH, RO2 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
J-values | sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | -- |
Emissions by HEMCO category | Total
Aircraft, Anthropogenic, Biomass Burning, Biogenic, Lightning, Natural, Ocean, Seabirds, Decaying Plants, Ship, Soil, Degassing Volcanoes, Erupting Volcanoes | |||||
Emission totals | Tables by species | |||||
Global mass | Entire atmosphere |
1-month GCHP vs GEOS-Chem Classic comparison
Below are links to plots and tables comparing 1-month simulations for GCHP 14.2.0 (Dev) and GEOS-Chem Classic 14.2.0 (Ref).
Species Category2 | Plots | Additional Information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Level Map | Zonal Mean | Emissions | ||||
Oxidants
O3, CO, OH, NOx |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Aerosols
DST1, DST2, DST3, DST4, NH4, NIT, SO4, BCPI, BCPO, OCPI, OCPO, AERI, BrSALA, BrSALC, ISALA, ISALC, NITs, SALA, SALC, SO4s, Simple_SOA, Complex_SOA, pFe |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | AOD |
Bromine
Bry, BrOx, Br, Br2, BrCl, BrNO2, BrNO3, BrO, CH3Br, CH2Br2, CHBr3, HOBr, HBr |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Chlorine
Cly, ClOx, Cl, ClO, Cl2, Cl2O2, ClOO, ClNO2, ClNO3, CCl4, CFCs, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CH3CCl3, CHCl3, HOCl, HCl, Halons, HCFCs, OClO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
Iodine
Iy, IxOy, I, I2, IBr, ICl, IO, IONO, IONO2, CH3I, CH2I2, CH2ICl, CH2IBr, HI, HOI, OIO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Nitrogen
NOy, NOx, HNO2, HNO3, HNO4, MPAN, NIT, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, MPN, PAN, PPN, N2O, NHx, NH3, NH4, MENO3, ETNO3, IPRNO3, NPRNO3 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Primary Organics
EOH, MOH, ISOP, MTPA, MTPO, LIMO, ALK4, BENZ, CH4, C2H6, C3H8, PRPE, TOLU, XYLE |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organics
ACTA, ALD2, CH2O, HPALDs, MACR, IEPOX, ACET, HAC, MEK, MVK, ISOPN, GLYC, GLYX, HCOOH, MAP, RCHO, MP |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Secondary Organic Aerosols
TSOA0, TSOA1, TSOA2, TSOA3, ASOA1, ASOA2, ASOA3, ASOAN, TSOG0, TSOG1, TSOG2, TSOG3, ASOG1, ASOG2, ASOG3, INDIOL, LVOCOA, SOAIE, SOAGX, SOAP, SOAS |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
Sulfur
SOx, DMS, HMS, OCS, SO2, SO4 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | column total | |
ROy
H2O2, H, H2, H2O, HO2, O1D, OH, RO2 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | |
J-values | sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere | -- | -- |
Emissions by HEMCO category | Total
Aircraft, Anthropogenic, Biomass Burning, Biogenic, Lightning, Natural, Ocean, Seabirds, Decaying Plants, Ship, Soil, Degassing Volcanoes, Erupting Volcanoes | |||||
Emission totals | Tables by species | |||||
Global mass | Entire atmosphere |
1-month GCHP vs GEOS-Chem-Classic diff-of-diffs
Below are links to plots and tables comparing 1-month simulations for GCHP 14.2.0 - 14.1.1 (Dev) and GEOS-Chem Classic GCHP 14.2.0 - 14.1.1 (Ref).
Species Category2 | Plots | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Level Map | Zonal Mean | |||
Oxidants
O3, CO, OH, NOx |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Aerosols
DST1, DST2, DST3, DST4, NH4, NIT, SO4, BCPI, BCPO, OCPI, OCPO, AERI, BrSALA, BrSALC, ISALA, ISALC, NITs, SALA, SALC, SO4s, Simple_SOA, Complex_SOA, pFe |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Bromine
Bry, BrOx, Br, Br2, BrCl, BrNO2, BrNO3, BrO, CH3Br, CH2Br2, CHBr3, HOBr, HBr |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere
|
Chlorine
Cly, ClOx, Cl, ClO, Cl2, Cl2O2, ClOO, ClNO2, ClNO3, CCl4, CFCs, CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CH3CCl3, CHCl3, HOCl, HCl, Halons, HCFCs, OClO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Iodine
Iy, IxOy, I, I2, IBr, ICl, IO, IONO, IONO2, CH3I, CH2I2, CH2ICl, CH2IBr, HI, HOI, OIO |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere
|
Nitrogen
NOy, NOx, HNO2, HNO3, HNO4, MPAN, NIT, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, MPN, PAN, PPN, N2O, NHx, NH3, NH4, MENO3, ETNO3, IPRNO3, NPRNO3 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Primary Organics
EOH, MOH, ISOP, MTPA, MTPO, LIMO, ALK4, BENZ, CH4, C2H6, C3H8, PRPE, TOLU, XYLE |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Secondary Organics
ACTA, ALD2, CH2O, HPALDs, MACR, IEPOX, ACET, HAC, MEK, MVK, ISOPN, GLYC, GLYX, HCOOH, MAP, RCHO, MP |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Secondary Organic Aerosols
TSOA0, TSOA1, TSOA2, TSOA3, ASOA1, ASOA2, ASOA3, ASOAN, TSOG0, TSOG1, TSOG2, TSOG3, ASOG1, ASOG2, ASOG3, INDIOL, LVOCOA, SOAIE, SOAGX, SOAP, SOAS |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
Sulfur
SOx, DMS, OCS, SO2, SO4 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
ROy
H2O2, H, H2, H2O, HO2, O1D, OH, RO2 |
sfc | 500hPa | full column | stratosphere |
1-year benchmarks
TBD