Difference between revisions of "MEGAN biogenic emissions"

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This page describes the implementations of the MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature) biogenic emissions in GEOS-Chem.
 
This page describes the implementations of the MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature) biogenic emissions in GEOS-Chem.
  
== Overview ==
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== MEGAN 3.0 ==
  
GEOS-Chem has used three versions of the MEGAN biogenic emissions. These are now all described on separate wiki pages.
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An implementation of MEGAN 3.0 is currently a [https://github.com/geoschem/geos-chem/issues/1026 requested feature for GEOS-Chem development].
  
=== MEGAN v2.0 biogenic emissions ===
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== MEGAN v2.1 plus Guenther 2012 biogenic emissions ==
  
The [[MEGAN v2.0 biogenic emissions]] are now obsoleteThey were used in [[GEOS-Chem v8-02-03]] and prior versions.
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GEOS-Chem currently uses the [[MEGAN v2.1 plus Guenther 2012 biogenic emissions|MEGAN 2.1 biogenic emissions with updates from Guenther (2012)]].  The emissions fed into GEOS-Chem by the [https://hemco.readthedocs.io Harmonized Emissions Component (HEMCO)] extension.
  
--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 15:32, 25 February 2015 (EST)
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Yantosca]] ([[User talk:Bmy|talk]]) 21:10, 16 September 2022 (UTC)
 
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=== MEGAN v2.1 biogenic emissions ===
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The [[MEGAN v2.1 biogenic emissions]] were used in [[GEOS-Chem v8-02-04]] through [[GEOS-Chem v9-02]].  They were retired with the advent of the [[HEMCO emissions component]] in [[GEOS-Chem v10-01]].
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 15:32, 25 February 2015 (EST)
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=== MEGAN v2.1 plus Guenther 2012 biogenic emissions ===
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[[GEOS-Chem v10-01]] and newer versions now use the [[MEGAN v2.1 plus Guenther 2012 biogenic emissions|MEGAN 2.1 biogenic emissions with updates from Guenther (2012)]]; These are implemented throImplemented via the [[HEMCO|HEMCO emissions component]].
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 15:32, 25 February 2015 (EST)
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== Met field requirements for MEGAN ==
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The current [[#MEGAN in GEOS-Chem v8-02-04 and later versions|MEGAN 2.1]] emissions code computes a 10-day running average of the surface temperature field.  At the start of a GEOS-Chem simulation, the MEGAN emissions code will attempt to read the previous 10 days's worth of surface temperature data.  If you do not have the met field data files that contain the surface temperature field on disk for the 10 days prior to the start of your GEOS-Chem simulation, then [[Common GEOS-Chem error messages#Error caused by MEGAN biogenic emissions|GEOS-Chem will die with an error.]].
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P.S. The now-obsolete [[#MEGAN prior to GEOS-Chem v8-02-04|MEGAN 2.0]] emissions code used to keep a 15-day running average of surface temperature.
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 10:12, 8 March 2011 (EST)
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== Technical notes in MEGAN 2.1 ==
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=== AEF_OVOC is not currently used ===
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'''''[[User:Jackylinq|Jintai Lin]] wrote:'''''
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:For global simulations, at approximately line 1863 of <tt>megan_mod.F</tt>, the file name
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          !---------------------------------------------
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          ! Read in other VOC Annual Emission Factors
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          !---------------------------------------------
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          ! 1x1 file name
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          FILENAME = TRIM( DATA_DIR_1x1 ) //
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        &          'MEGAN_200510/MEGAN_AEF_MTP.geos.1x1'
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:should probably be
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          ! 1x1 file name
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          FILENAME = TRIM( DATA_DIR_1x1 ) //
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        &          'MEGAN_200510/MEGAN_AEF_OVC.geos.1x1'
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:with respect to emissions of other VOCs.
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'''''[[User:Dbm|Dylan Millet]] wrote:'''''
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:The other VOC emissions are not currently used.  Those routines I think are mainly there as a placeholder for adding things in the future. So it doesn't matter if MEGAN_AEF_MTP is read in to AEF_OVOC, since AEF_OVOC is not used. As far as I know the file MEGAN_AEF_OVC.geos.1x1 doesn't actually exist.
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 13:40, 18 November 2011 (EST)
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=== Nested simulations use wrong AEF's ===
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'''''We have corrected this in [[GEOS-Chem v9-01-02]].'''''
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'''''[[User:Jackylinq|Jintai Lin]] wrote:'''''
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:For nested simulations, the subroutine <tt>GET_AEF_05x0666</tt> is not properly updated to reflect the megan 2.1 emissions.
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'''''[[User:Lin Zhang|Lin Zhang]] wrote:'''''
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:I want to bring up an error in the MEGAN biogenic emissions with the nested model in the latest versions (eg. v9-01-01). The MEGAN emissions have been updated from MEGAN 2.0 to MEGAN 2.1 since v8-02-04 in the standard model with 4x5 or 2x2.5 resolution, however, they are not fully implemented in the nested model. The nested model for all regions still uses some old annual emission factors (as we can see in the module megan_mod.f, subroutine GET_AEF vs. GET_AEF_05x0666). This error would cause biogenic isoprene emissions (with MEGAN 2.1) over the US a factor of two higher in the nested NA model than that in the 2x2.5 model. It can also affect the CH and EU nested models.
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:A quick fix can be implemented by changing megan_mod.f, subroutine INIT_MEGAN from:
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    #if  defined ( GRID05x0666)
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          CALL GET_AEF_05x0666
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    #else
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          CALL GET_AEF
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    #endif
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:to
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    CALL GET_AEF
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:In this case, the model would read the annual emission factors at 1x1 resolution and then regrid to the underlying resolution.
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 12:55, 22 November 2011 (EST)
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== New Update Required in MEGAN algorithm ==
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Chris Chan Miller found that the isoprene emissions in MEGAN do not capture the diurnal variability of isoprene observed in the Michigan state forest. This is because the meteorological variables input to GEOS-Chem (temperature and photosynthetically active radiation) are not interpolated between the 3-h average surface data read in to megan_mod.f. This can be fixed by including a CALL INTERP statement in main.f for I-3 met fields. Chris is working on updating this in his working code and will send necessary updates to Bob to be included in the standard code.
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--[[User:Emarais|Emarais]] 16:32, 4 April 2012 (EDT)
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== Update to MEGAN2.1 (Guenther et al., 2012) ==
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<div style="color: #aa0000; background: #eeeeee;border: 3px solid red; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 90%; ">'''<p>NOTE: The MEGAN2.1 emissions have only been used in research versions of GEOS-Chem to date.  We are currently planning to include MEGAN2.1 emissions into [[GEOS-Chem v10-01]] via the [[HEMCO|HEMCO emissions component]].</p><p>&mdash; Bob Yantosca, 13 May 2014</p>'''</div>
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Please see [http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/Readme_megan21.pdf this file] that describes an available update to MEGAN2.1 in GEOS-Chem. The update applies emission algorithm updates according to Guenther et al. (Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 1471–1492, 2012), enables computation of emissions for more compounds, uses CLM4 plant functional type distributions, facilitates computing emissions with different/dynamic land cover schemes, and streamlines the code.
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Please contact [mailto:dbm@umn.edu Dylan Millet] to obtain the code or with any questions.
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'''''Documentation:'''''
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*[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/Readme_megan21.pdf Readme]
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*<u>Comparison between previous and updated BVOC emissions for standard tracers (year-2006):</u>
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**[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/EmissComp_2006_2x25.pdf 2x2.5]
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**[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/EmissComp_2006_4x5.pdf 4x5]
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*<u>Comparison between previous and updated BVOC emissions for standard tracers (nested NA, year-2011):</u>
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**[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/EmissComp_2011_05x067_NA.pdf 0.5x0.67]
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*<u>Updated emissions for all BVOCs, including non-standard tracers:</u>
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**[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/EmissAll_2x25.pdf 2x25]
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*<u>Monthly CO comparison for previous and updated MEGAN implementation (year-2006; 4x5 resolution):</u>
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**[http://wiki.seas.harvard.edu/geos-chem/images/COComp_2006_4x5.pdf 4x5]
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--[[User:Dbm|Dbm]] 14:18, 22 January 2013 (EST)
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== CO2 direct effect on isoprene emissions ==
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''''' This update is slated for inclusion in [[GEOS-Chem v10-01]] or later '''''
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Amos Tai developed code updates to include CO2 inhibition of isoprene emissions in MEGAN.
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The reference for this work is:
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:Tai, A.P.K., L.J. Mickley, C.L. Heald, S. Wu, ''Effect of CO2 inhibition on biogenic isoprene emission: Implications for air quality under 2000-to-2050 changes in climate, vegetation, and land use'', <u>Geophys. Res. Let.</u>, '''40''', 3479-3483, 2013. [[http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/2013/Tai_grl_2013.pdf pdf]]
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--[[User:Melissa Payer|Melissa Sulprizio]] 15:45, 23 January 2014 (EST)
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== Previous issues that have been resolved ==
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=== Bug in MEGAN emissions when running with MERRA or GEOS-FP ===
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<div style="color: #aa0000; background: #eeeeee;border: 3px solid red; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 90%; ">'''<p>In [[GEOS-Chem v10-01]] and newer versions, MEGAN biogenic emissions are implemented via the [[HEMCO|HEMCO emissions component]].  This fix was added to HEMCO.</p><p>&mdash; Bob Yantosca, 17 February 2015</p>'''</div>
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'''''NOTE: This issue was resolved in 1-month benchmark simulation [[GEOS-Chem v9-02 benchmark history#v9-02e|v9-02e]] (07 Jan 2013).'''''
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'''''[[User:Tmf|Tzung-May Fu]] wrote:'''''
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:I wanted to report a small but important bug in the MEGAN emissions when running with MERRA and GEOS-FP. In subroutine <tt>READ_MET_FIELDS</tt> (in <tt>GeosCore/main.F</tt>, the MEGAN subroutine <tt>UPDATE_T_DAY</tt> was never called for [[MERRA]] or [[GEOS-FP]], except when reading the 10-day period preceeding the simulation start date. The call line was commented out in MERRA, and missing in GEOS-FP. This can lead to a 10% error in the biogenic emissions (particular isoprene) when a simulation is run a month at a time. However, say you start your simulation in January, you would still be using the same temperature in July! This can lead to a 80% underestimate of the biogenic emissions. This bug is present in v911, v912, v913 and the v92 code that Melissa sent me.
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:<tt>GeosCore/main.F</tt>, in routine <tt>READ_MET_FIELDS</tt>:
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        !%%% NEED TO UPDATE FOR MERRA %%%
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        ! Update daily mean temperature archive for MEGAN biogenics
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! (tmf, 1/4/2012) This should be turned on!
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        IF ( LMEGAN ) CALL UPDATE_T_DAY
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--[[User:Melissa Payer|Melissa Payer]] 11:07, 4 January 2013 (EST)<br>--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 13:49, 20 August 2013 (EDT)
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== Unresolved issues ==
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None at this time.
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== References ==
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#Barkley, M., ''Description of MEGAN biogenic VOC emissions in GEOS-Chem'', 2010. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/geos/wiki_docs/emissions/megan.pdf PDF]
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#Buermann, W., Wang, Y.J., Dong, J.R., Zhou, L.M., Zeng, X.B., Dickinson, R.E., Potter, C.S., and Myneni, R.B.: ''Analysis of a multiyear global vegetation leaf area index data set'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, 107, 4646, doi:10.1029/2001JD000975, 2002.
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#Guenther, A., Baugh, B., Brasseur, G., Greenberg, J., Harley, P., Klinger, L., Serca, D., and Vierling, L.: ''Isoprene emission estimates and uncertainties for the Central African EXPRESSO study domain'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, 104, 30625-30639, 1999.
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#Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P.I., and Geron, C.: ''Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature)'', <u>Atmos. Chem. Phys.</u>, '''6''', 3181-3210, 2006.
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#Guenther, A., and C. Wiedinmyer, ''User's guide to the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN), Version 2.01'', 2007.
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#Guenther, A. B., Jiang, X., Heald, C. L., Sakulyanontvittaya, T., Duhl, T., Emmons, L. K., and Wang, X.: ''The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions'', <u>Geosci. Model Dev.</u>, '''5''', 1471-1492, doi:10.5194/gmd-5-1471-2012, 2012.
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#Millet, D.B., Jacob, D.J., Boersma, K.F., Fu, T.M., Kurosu, T.P., Chance, K., Heald, C.L., and Guenther, A.: ''Spatial distribution of isoprene emissions from North America derived from formaldehyde column measurements by the OMI satellite sensor'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, 113, D02307, doi:10.1029/2007JD008950, 2008. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/millet_2008.pdf PDF]
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#Mueller, J.-F., et al. ''Global isoprene emissions estimated using MEGAN, ECMWF analyses and a detailed canopy environment model'', <u>Atmos. Chem. Phys.</u>, '''8''', 1329-1341, 2008.
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#Myneni, R. B., et al., ''Large seasonal swings in leaf area of Amazon rainforests'', <u>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</u>, '''104'''(12), 4820{4823, doi:10.1073/pnas.0611338104, 2007.
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#Palmer, P.I., Abbot, D.S., Fu, T.M., Jacob, D.J., Chance, K., Kurosu, T.P., Guenther, A., Wiedinmyer, C., Stanton, J.C., Pilling, M.J., Pressley, S.N., Lamb, B., and Sumner, A.L.: ''Quantifying the seasonal and interannual variability of North American isoprene emissions using satellite observations of the formaldehyde column'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, 111, D12315, doi:10.1029/2005JD006689, 2006. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/palmer2006_gome.pdf PDF]
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#Sakulyanontvittaya, T., T. Duhl, C. Wiedinmyer, D. Helmig, S. Matsunaga, M. Potosnak, J. Milford, and A. Guenther, ''Monoterpene and Sesquiterpene Emission Estimates for the United States'', <u>Environ. Sci. Technol.</u>, '''42'''(5), 1623{1629, doi:10.1021/es702274e, 2008.
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 09:39, 3 March 2010 (EST)
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Latest revision as of 21:11, 16 September 2022

This page describes the implementations of the MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature) biogenic emissions in GEOS-Chem.

MEGAN 3.0

An implementation of MEGAN 3.0 is currently a requested feature for GEOS-Chem development.

MEGAN v2.1 plus Guenther 2012 biogenic emissions

GEOS-Chem currently uses the MEGAN 2.1 biogenic emissions with updates from Guenther (2012). The emissions fed into GEOS-Chem by the Harmonized Emissions Component (HEMCO) extension.

--Bob Yantosca (talk) 21:10, 16 September 2022 (UTC)