Difference between revisions of "MASAGE NH3 inventory"
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We use the adjoint of a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to optimize ammonia (NH3) emissions in the U.S., European Union, and China by inversion of 2005–2008 network data for NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> wet deposition fluxes. Optimized emissions are derived on a 2° x 2.5° grid for individual months and years. Error characterization in the optimization includes model errors in precipitation. Annual optimized emissions are 2.8 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>−1</sup> for the contiguous U.S., 3.1 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>-1</sup> for the European Union, and 8.4 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>−1</sup> for China. Comparisons to previous inventories for the U.S. and European Union show consistency (∼ +/-15%) in annual totals but some large spatial and seasonal differences. We develop a new global bottom-up inventory of NH3 emissions (Magnitude And Seasonality of Agricultural Emissions model for NH<sub>3</sub> (MASAGE_NH3)) to interpret the results of the adjoint optimization. MASAGE_NH3 provides information on the magnitude and seasonality of NH3 emissions from individual crop and livestock sources on a 0.5° x 0.5° grid. We find that U.S. emissions peak in the spring in the Midwest due to corn fertilization and in the summer elsewhere due to manure. The seasonality of European emissions is more homogeneous with a well-defined maximum in spring associated with manure and mineral fertilizer application. There is some evidence for the effect of European regulations of NH3 emissions, notably a large fall decrease in northern Europe. Emissions in China peak in summer because of the summertime application of fertilizer for double cropping. | We use the adjoint of a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to optimize ammonia (NH3) emissions in the U.S., European Union, and China by inversion of 2005–2008 network data for NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> wet deposition fluxes. Optimized emissions are derived on a 2° x 2.5° grid for individual months and years. Error characterization in the optimization includes model errors in precipitation. Annual optimized emissions are 2.8 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>−1</sup> for the contiguous U.S., 3.1 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>-1</sup> for the European Union, and 8.4 Tg NH<sub>3</sub>−N a<sup>−1</sup> for China. Comparisons to previous inventories for the U.S. and European Union show consistency (∼ +/-15%) in annual totals but some large spatial and seasonal differences. We develop a new global bottom-up inventory of NH3 emissions (Magnitude And Seasonality of Agricultural Emissions model for NH<sub>3</sub> (MASAGE_NH3)) to interpret the results of the adjoint optimization. MASAGE_NH3 provides information on the magnitude and seasonality of NH3 emissions from individual crop and livestock sources on a 0.5° x 0.5° grid. We find that U.S. emissions peak in the spring in the Midwest due to corn fertilization and in the summer elsewhere due to manure. The seasonality of European emissions is more homogeneous with a well-defined maximum in spring associated with manure and mineral fertilizer application. There is some evidence for the effect of European regulations of NH3 emissions, notably a large fall decrease in northern Europe. Emissions in China peak in summer because of the summertime application of fertilizer for double cropping. | ||
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| + | --[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 16:33, 5 February 2015 (EST) | ||
== Reading MASAGE into GEOS-Chem == | == Reading MASAGE into GEOS-Chem == | ||
Revision as of 21:33, 5 February 2015
Overview
MASAGE_NH3 is an inventory of agricultural NH3 emissions developed by Fabien Paulot. A full description is given in Paulot et al (2014).
From the abstract to Paulot et al (2014):
We use the adjoint of a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to optimize ammonia (NH3) emissions in the U.S., European Union, and China by inversion of 2005–2008 network data for NH4+ wet deposition fluxes. Optimized emissions are derived on a 2° x 2.5° grid for individual months and years. Error characterization in the optimization includes model errors in precipitation. Annual optimized emissions are 2.8 Tg NH3−N a−1 for the contiguous U.S., 3.1 Tg NH3−N a-1 for the European Union, and 8.4 Tg NH3−N a−1 for China. Comparisons to previous inventories for the U.S. and European Union show consistency (∼ +/-15%) in annual totals but some large spatial and seasonal differences. We develop a new global bottom-up inventory of NH3 emissions (Magnitude And Seasonality of Agricultural Emissions model for NH3 (MASAGE_NH3)) to interpret the results of the adjoint optimization. MASAGE_NH3 provides information on the magnitude and seasonality of NH3 emissions from individual crop and livestock sources on a 0.5° x 0.5° grid. We find that U.S. emissions peak in the spring in the Midwest due to corn fertilization and in the summer elsewhere due to manure. The seasonality of European emissions is more homogeneous with a well-defined maximum in spring associated with manure and mineral fertilizer application. There is some evidence for the effect of European regulations of NH3 emissions, notably a large fall decrease in northern Europe. Emissions in China peak in summer because of the summertime application of fertilizer for double cropping.
--Bob Y. 16:33, 5 February 2015 (EST)
Reading MASAGE into GEOS-Chem
Data file
We have implemented the MASAGE NH3 inventory into GEOS-Chem via the HEMCO emissions component. We use the emissions file stored in the HEMCO data path:
HEMCO/MASAGE_NH3/v2015-02/masage_nh3_2006.2x25.nc
This data file contains monthly mean NH3 emissions for the various agricultural sectors mentioned in Paulot et al (2014). The emissions data are placed on the GEOS-Chem 2° x 2.5° horizontal grid, and the base year of emissions is 2006. Units of NH3 emissions are given as kg NH3 m-2 s-1.
--Bob Y. 16:33, 5 February 2015 (EST)
Emission totals
If we convert the units of the data fields in file masage_nh3_2006.2x25.nc from kg NH3 m-2 s-1 to Gg N, we can directly compare with Table A1 of Paulot et al (2014). (The unit conversion involves multiplying each emissions field by the factor 14.0/17.0/1e6, and then summing over all 12 months). We then obtain the following global totals:
EMISSION TOTALS, compare to the "World" column of Table A1 of Paulot et al (2014)
COTTON [kg N] 731.352
FRUITS_VEGETABLES [kg N] 820.576
GROUNDNUT [kg N] 80.8127
MAIZE [kg N] 1743.05
OIL_PALM [kg N] 112.432
OTHER_CEREALS [kg N] 122.545
OTHER_CEREALS_WINTER [kg N] 336.14
OTHER_CROPS [kg N] 987.441
PULSES [kg N] 44.6072
RAPESEED [kg N] 155.898
EARLY_RICE [kg N] 554.186
LATE_RICE [kg N] 323.54
SOYBEANS [kg N] 85.5041
SUGAR_CANE [kg N] 428.529
TEMPERATE_ROOTS [kg N] 459.644
TROPICAL_CEREALS [kg N] 92.0221
TROPICAL_ROOTS [kg N] 160.903
WHEAT [kg N] 423.498
WHEAT_WINTER [kg N] 1606.97
BEEF_CROP [kg N] 1998.11
BEEF_HOUSING [kg N] 5900.38
BEEF_PASTURE [kg N] 1672.35
BEEF_STORAGE [kg N] 549.203
BUFFALOES_EMISSION [kg N] 1525.14
DAIRY_CROP [kg N] 685.603
DAIRY_HOUSING [kg N] 1112.69
DAIRY_PASTURE [kg N] 668.778
DAIRY_STORAGE [kg N] 811.267
GOATS_EMISSION [kg N] 690.562
PORK_CROP [kg N] 775.642
PORK_HOUSING [kg N] 2055.58
PORK_PASTURE [kg N] 608.831
PORK_STORAGE [kg N] 680.933
POULTRY_CROP [kg N] 928.715
POULTRY_HOUSING [kg N] 2186.11
POULTRY_PASTURE [kg N] 546.004
POULTRY_STORAGE [kg N] 323.869
SHEEP_EMISSION [kg N] 967.568
--Bob Y. 16:32, 5 February 2015 (EST)
References
- Paulot F., Jacob, D.J., Pinder R.W., Bash J.O., Travis, K., Henze D.K., Ammonia emissions in the United States, Europe, and China derived by high-resolution inversion of ammonium wet deposition data: Interpretation with a new agricultural emissions inventory (MASAGE_NH3), J. Geophys. Res., 119, 4,343-4,364, 2014. PDF
