Difference between revisions of "Aircraft emissions"

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__FORCETOC__
 
This page describes the aircraft emissions inventories used by GEOS-Chem.
 
This page describes the aircraft emissions inventories used by GEOS-Chem.
  
== FAA aircraft emissions inventory ==
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== AEIC emissions inventory ==
  
Starting with [[GEOS-Chem v9-01-02]], we have implemented monthly mean aircraft emissions from the FAA AEDT emissions inventory.  This inventory was developed by the FAA and was adapted for GEOS-Chem by [mailto:sbarrett@mit.edu Steven Barrett], [mailto:steveyim@mit.edu Steve Yim], [mailto:jaminkoo@mit.edu Jamin Koo] et al from MIT.
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<span style="color:green">'''''This update was tested in the 1-month benchmark simulation [[GEOS-Chem_v9-02_benchmark_history#v9-02n|v9-02n]] and approved on 12 Aug 2013.'''''</span>
  
This inventory contains the following species:
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Monthly mean aircraft emissions were generated based on 2005 scheduling data from the [https://lae.mit.edu/datasets/ Aviation Emissions Inventory v2.0], developed by [mailto:nsimone@mit.edu Nick Simone] and based on research by [mailto:mejs@mit.edu Marc Stettler] under [mailto:sbarrett@mit.edu Steven Barrett]. These were implemented into GEOS-Chem by [mailto:seastham@mit.edu Sebastian D. Eastham].
  
# Fuel burned
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The following are gridded at a horizontal resolution of 1&deg; x 1&deg;. The emissions are vertically resolved in 60.9 m (200 ft) increments up to 1000 ft, and 1000 ft increments beyond that. The emissions are stored in NetCDF files and read in by <tt>aeic_mod.F</tt>:
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# Fuelburn
 
# CO
 
# CO
 
# Hydrocarbons
 
# Hydrocarbons
 
# NOx
 
# NOx
# Soot
 
# Organics
 
  
The hydrocarbon emissions are not included into GEOS-Chem.
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Black and organic carbon (BC/OC) are determined based on an emissions index of 0.03 g/kg fuel burn; sulfur emissions (sulfur dioxide and sulfates) are calculated assuming a fuel sulfur content of 600 ppm by mass and a sulfur conversion efficiency of 2%. The older aircraft NOx emissions have been removed wholesale, while the older sulfur emissions are enabled if AEIC emissions are disabled.
  
For more information about the data files, please see the following READMEs:
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--[[User:Sebastian D. Eastham|Sebastian D. Eastham]] 15:15, 9 June 2011 (EDT)
  
# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/FAA_201104/README GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/FAA_201104/README]
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=== Implementation via HEMCO ===
# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_0.5x0.666_NA/FAA_201104/README GEOS_0.5x0.666_NA/FAA_201104/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_1x1/FAA_201104/README GEOS_1x1/FAA_201104/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_2x2.5/FAA_201104/README GEOS_2x2.5/FAA_201104/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_4x5/FAA_201104/README GEOS_4x5/FAA_201104/README]
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 14:12, 31 March 2011 (EDT)
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In [[GEOS-Chem v10-01]] and newer versions, the AEIC aircraft emissions are implemented via the [[HEMCO|HEMCO emissions component]].  We have created [http://ftp.as.harvard.edu/gcgrid/data/ExtData/HEMCO/AEIC/v2014-10/README new AEIC data files] (in [[Preparing data files for use with HEMCO|COARDS-compliant netCDF format]]) for use with HEMCO. These new data files are contained in the [[HEMCO data directories|HEMCO data directory tree]].  For detailed instructions on how to download these data files to your disk server, please see our [[HEMCO_data_directories#Downloading_the_HEMCO_data_directories|''Downloading the HEMCO data directories'' wiki post]].
  
== Old aircraft emissions inventory (prior to v9-01-02) ==
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 13:17, 3 March 2015 (EST)
 
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=== NOx ===
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The inventory of aircraft NOx used in GEOS-Chem is described in [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/wang1998a.pdf ''Wang et al'' <nowiki>[1998]</nowiki>]:
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<blockquote>For NO emissions from subsonic aircraft, we adopted the 1992 monthly mean emisison inventory compiled by ''Baughcum et al'' [1996] and ''Metwally'' [1995]; the inventory has a resolution of 1&deg; x 1&deg; x 1 km, and the global source is 0.51 Tg N/yr.</blockquote>
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The source code to read data from the aircraft NOx emissions inventory is <tt>aircraft_nox_mod.f</tt>.  Routine <tt>READAIR</tt> reads the files from disk at the start of each new month, and routine <tt>AIREMISS</tt> interpolates from the 1km vertical grid to the GEOS-3, GEOS-4, GEOS-5, or GCAP vertical grid.
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For more information about the data files, please see the following READMEs:
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/aircraft_NOx_200202/README GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/aircraft_NOx_200202/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_2x2.5/aircraft_NOx_200202/README GEOS_2x2.5/aircraft_NOx_200202/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_4x5/aircraft_NOx_200202/README GEOS_4x5/aircraft_NOx_200202/README]
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 16:27, 25 February 2010 (EST)
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==== Known issues ====
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Due to the [[Lightning_NOx_emissions#The common block bug fix|common block error described by Lee Murray]], in [[GEOS-Chem v7-04-13]] we have added a new module array (EMIS_AC_NOx) to "aircraft_nox_mod.f".  The EMIS_AC_NOx array will be referenced in routine "setemis.f", which will pass the aircraft NOx emissions to the SMVGEAR solver.  The old common-block array "GEMISNOX" will be removed.
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=== SO2 ===
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From [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/park2004.pdf ''Park et al'' <nowiki>[2004]</nowiki>]:
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<blockquote>Other anthropogenic sources of SO2 in the model include gridded monthly aircraft emissions (0.07 Tg S/yr)
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taken from ''Chin et al.'' [2000a] ...</blockquote>
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The aircraft emissions for SO2 are read from disk by routine <tt>READ_AIRCRAFT_SO2</tt> in module <tt>sulfate_mod.f</tt>.
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For more information about the data files, please see the following READMEs:
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/sulfate_sim_200508/README GEOS_0.5x0.666_CH/sulfate_sim_200508/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_0.5x0.666_NA/sulfate_sim_200508/README GEOS_0.5x0.666_NA/sulfate_sim_200508/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_2x2.5/sulfate_sim_200508/README GEOS_2x2.5/sulfate_sim_200508/README]
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# [ftp://ftp.as.harvard.edu/pub/geos-chem/data/GEOS_4x5/sulfate_sim_200508/README GEOS_4x5/sulfate_sim_200508/README]
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--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 16:45, 25 February 2010 (EST)
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== References ==
 
== References ==
  
#Barrett, S., et al, ''Guidance on the use of AEDT Gridded Aircraft Emissions in Atmospheric Models Version 2.0'', <u>Federal Aviation Administration</u>, Washington DC, August 17, 2010.  [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/geos/wiki_docs/emissions/AEDT_Guidance_v2.0.pdf PDF]
 
 
#Baughcum, S.L., T.G. Tritz, S.C. Henderson, and D.C. Pickett, ''Scheduled civil aircraft emission inventories for 1992: Database development and analysis'', <u>NASA CR-4700</u>, Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1996.
 
#Baughcum, S.L., T.G. Tritz, S.C. Henderson, and D.C. Pickett, ''Scheduled civil aircraft emission inventories for 1992: Database development and analysis'', <u>NASA CR-4700</u>, Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1996.
 
#Chin, M., P. Ginoux, S. Kinne, O. Torres, B. Holben, B. N. Duncan, R. V. Martin, J. A. Logan, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima, ''Tropospheric aerosol optical thickness from the GOCART model and comparisons with satellite and sunphotometer measurements'', <u>J. Atmos. Sci.</u>, '''59''', 461–483, 2002.
 
#Chin, M., P. Ginoux, S. Kinne, O. Torres, B. Holben, B. N. Duncan, R. V. Martin, J. A. Logan, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima, ''Tropospheric aerosol optical thickness from the GOCART model and comparisons with satellite and sunphotometer measurements'', <u>J. Atmos. Sci.</u>, '''59''', 461–483, 2002.
 
#Metwally, M, ''Jet aircraft engine emissions database development--1992 military, charter, and nonscheduled traffic'', <u>NASA CR-4684</u>,  Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1995.
 
#Metwally, M, ''Jet aircraft engine emissions database development--1992 military, charter, and nonscheduled traffic'', <u>NASA CR-4684</u>,  Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1995.
#Park, R. J., D. J. Jacob, B. D. Field, R. M. Yantosca, and M. Chin, ''Natural and transboundary pollution influences on sulfate-nitrate-ammonium aerosols in the United States: implications for policy'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, '''109''', D15204, 10.1029/2003JD004473, 2004. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/park2004.pdf PDF]
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#Park, R. J., D. J. Jacob, B. D. Field, R. M. Yantosca, and M. Chin, ''Natural and transboundary pollution influences on sulfate-nitrate-ammonium aerosols in the United States: implications for policy'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, '''109''', D15204, 10.1029/2003JD004473, 2004. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/2004/park2004.pdf PDF]
#Wang, Y., D.J. Jacob, and J.A. Logan, ''Global simulation of tropospheric O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry, 1. Model formulation'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, '''103''', D9,10,713-10,726, 1998. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/wang1998a.pdf PDF]
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#Wang, Y., D.J. Jacob, and J.A. Logan, ''Global simulation of tropospheric O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry, 1. Model formulation'', <u>J. Geophys. Res.</u>, '''103''', D9,10,713-10,726, 1998. [http://acmg.seas.harvard.edu/publications/1998/wang1998a.pdf PDF]
 
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#Stettler, M.E.J., S. Eastham, S.R.H. Barrett, <em>Air quality and public health impacts of UK airports. Part I: Emissions</em>, <u>Atmos. Environ.</u>, <strong>45</strong>, 5415-5424, 2011.
 
--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 13:46, 4 April 2011 (EDT)
 
--[[User:Bmy|Bob Y.]] 13:46, 4 April 2011 (EDT)

Revision as of 20:14, 11 June 2019

This page describes the aircraft emissions inventories used by GEOS-Chem.

AEIC emissions inventory

This update was tested in the 1-month benchmark simulation v9-02n and approved on 12 Aug 2013.

Monthly mean aircraft emissions were generated based on 2005 scheduling data from the Aviation Emissions Inventory v2.0, developed by Nick Simone and based on research by Marc Stettler under Steven Barrett. These were implemented into GEOS-Chem by Sebastian D. Eastham.

The following are gridded at a horizontal resolution of 1° x 1°. The emissions are vertically resolved in 60.9 m (200 ft) increments up to 1000 ft, and 1000 ft increments beyond that. The emissions are stored in NetCDF files and read in by aeic_mod.F:

  1. Fuelburn
  2. CO
  3. Hydrocarbons
  4. NOx

Black and organic carbon (BC/OC) are determined based on an emissions index of 0.03 g/kg fuel burn; sulfur emissions (sulfur dioxide and sulfates) are calculated assuming a fuel sulfur content of 600 ppm by mass and a sulfur conversion efficiency of 2%. The older aircraft NOx emissions have been removed wholesale, while the older sulfur emissions are enabled if AEIC emissions are disabled.

--Sebastian D. Eastham 15:15, 9 June 2011 (EDT)

Implementation via HEMCO

In GEOS-Chem v10-01 and newer versions, the AEIC aircraft emissions are implemented via the HEMCO emissions component. We have created new AEIC data files (in COARDS-compliant netCDF format) for use with HEMCO. These new data files are contained in the HEMCO data directory tree. For detailed instructions on how to download these data files to your disk server, please see our Downloading the HEMCO data directories wiki post.

--Bob Y. 13:17, 3 March 2015 (EST)

References

  1. Baughcum, S.L., T.G. Tritz, S.C. Henderson, and D.C. Pickett, Scheduled civil aircraft emission inventories for 1992: Database development and analysis, NASA CR-4700, Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1996.
  2. Chin, M., P. Ginoux, S. Kinne, O. Torres, B. Holben, B. N. Duncan, R. V. Martin, J. A. Logan, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima, Tropospheric aerosol optical thickness from the GOCART model and comparisons with satellite and sunphotometer measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 461–483, 2002.
  3. Metwally, M, Jet aircraft engine emissions database development--1992 military, charter, and nonscheduled traffic, NASA CR-4684, Nat. Aeronaut. and Space Admin., Washington DC, 1995.
  4. Park, R. J., D. J. Jacob, B. D. Field, R. M. Yantosca, and M. Chin, Natural and transboundary pollution influences on sulfate-nitrate-ammonium aerosols in the United States: implications for policy, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D15204, 10.1029/2003JD004473, 2004. PDF
  5. Wang, Y., D.J. Jacob, and J.A. Logan, Global simulation of tropospheric O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry, 1. Model formulation, J. Geophys. Res., 103, D9,10,713-10,726, 1998. PDF
  6. Stettler, M.E.J., S. Eastham, S.R.H. Barrett, Air quality and public health impacts of UK airports. Part I: Emissions, Atmos. Environ., 45, 5415-5424, 2011.

--Bob Y. 13:46, 4 April 2011 (EDT)