MASAGE NH3 inventory
Overview
MASAGE_NH3 is an inventory of agricultural NH3 emissions developed by Fabien Paulot. A full description is given in Paulot et al (2014). The abstract to this paper is given below:
We use the adjoint of a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to optimize ammonia (NH3) emissions in the U.S., European Union, and China by inversion of 2005–2008 network data for NH4+ wet deposition fluxes. Optimized emissions are derived on a 2° x 2.5° grid for individual months and years. Error characterization in the optimization includes model errors in precipitation. Annual optimized emissions are 2.8 Tg NH3−N a−1 for the contiguous U.S., 3.1 Tg NH3−N a-1 for the European Union, and 8.4 Tg NH3−N a−1 for China. Comparisons to previous inventories for the U.S. and European Union show consistency (∼ +/-15%) in annual totals but some large spatial and seasonal differences. We develop a new global bottom-up inventory of NH3 emissions (Magnitude And Seasonality of Agricultural Emissions model for NH3 (MASAGE_NH3)) to interpret the results of the adjoint optimization. MASAGE_NH3 provides information on the magnitude and seasonality of NH3 emissions from individual crop and livestock sources on a 0.5° x 0.5° grid. We find that U.S. emissions peak in the spring in the Midwest due to corn fertilization and in the summer elsewhere due to manure. The seasonality of European emissions is more homogeneous with a well-defined maximum in spring associated with manure and mineral fertilizer application. There is some evidence for the effect of European regulations of NH3 emissions, notably a large fall decrease in northern Europe. Emissions in China peak in summer because of the summertime application of fertilizer for double cropping.
Data files
GEOS-Chem uses monthly mean e
Files:
masage_nh3_2006.2x25.nc
-- File containing MASAGE_NH3 emissions for various agricultural sectors,
as described in the Paulot et al 2014 paper cited above.
This data file contains monthly mean NH3 emissions placed on the
GEOS-Chem 2 x 2.5 horizontal grid. The base year of emissions is 2006.
Units of NH3 emissions are given as kg NH3 m-2 s-1.
If we convert these emissions from kg NH3 m-2 s-1 to Gg N (i.e. multiply
by the factor 14/17/1e6) and sum over all 12 months, we can directly
compare to the global totals listed in Table A1 of Paulot et al 2014:
EMISSION TOTALS, compare to Fabien's table A1
COTTON [kg N] 731.352
FRUITS_VEGETABLES [kg N] 820.576
GROUNDNUT [kg N] 80.8127
MAIZE [kg N] 1743.05
OIL_PALM [kg N] 112.432
OTHER_CEREALS [kg N] 122.545
OTHER_CEREALS_WINTER [kg N] 336.14
OTHER_CROPS [kg N] 987.441
PULSES [kg N] 44.6072
RAPESEED [kg N] 155.898
EARLY_RICE [kg N] 554.186
LATE_RICE [kg N] 323.54
SOYBEANS [kg N] 85.5041
SUGAR_CANE [kg N] 428.529
TEMPERATE_ROOTS [kg N] 459.644
TROPICAL_CEREALS [kg N] 92.0221
TROPICAL_ROOTS [kg N] 160.903
WHEAT [kg N] 423.498
WHEAT_WINTER [kg N] 1606.97
BEEF_CROP [kg N] 1998.11
BEEF_HOUSING [kg N] 5900.38
BEEF_PASTURE [kg N] 1672.35
BEEF_STORAGE [kg N] 549.203
BUFFALOES_EMISSION [kg N] 1525.14
DAIRY_CROP [kg N] 685.603
DAIRY_HOUSING [kg N] 1112.69
DAIRY_PASTURE [kg N] 668.778
DAIRY_STORAGE [kg N] 811.267
GOATS_EMISSION [kg N] 690.562
PORK_CROP [kg N] 775.642
PORK_HOUSING [kg N] 2055.58
PORK_PASTURE [kg N] 608.831
PORK_STORAGE [kg N] 680.933
POULTRY_CROP [kg N] 928.715
POULTRY_HOUSING [kg N] 2186.11
POULTRY_PASTURE [kg N] 546.004
POULTRY_STORAGE [kg N] 323.869
SHEEP_EMISSION [kg N] 967.568
References
- Paulot F., Jacob, D.J., Pinder R.W., Bash J.O., Travis, K., Henze D.K., Ammonia emissions in the United States, Europe, and China derived by high-resolution inversion of ammonium wet deposition data: Interpretation with a new agricultural emissions inventory (MASAGE_NH3), J. Geophys. Res., 119, 4,343-4,364, 2014. PDF