Biomass burning emissions

This page describes the options for biomass burning emissions in GEOS-Chem.

GFED3

Please see our GFED3 biomass burning emissions wiki page for a complete description of the GFED3 emissions product.

--Bob Y. 15:25, 13 February 2015 (EST)

FINNv1

NOTE: At present, the FINN biomass emissions inventory has been added to the non-standard SEAC4RS research version of GEOS-Chem. We plan to add the FINN biomass emissions into the standard GEOS-Chem code via the HEMCO emissions component, most likely in version v10-01. (Bob Yantosca, 13 May 2014)

"The Fire INventory from NCAR version 1.0 (FINNv1) provides daily, 1-km resolution, global estimates of the trace gas and particle emissions from open burning of biomass, which includes wildfire, agricultural fires, and pre- scribed burning and does not include biofuel use and trash burning" (Wiedinmyer et al., 2011). For more information about this inventory, see:
Wiedinmyer, C., S. K. Akagi, R .J. Yokelson, L. K. Emmons, J. A. Al-Saadi, J. J. Orlando, and A. J. Soja. The Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN): a high resolution global model to estimate the emissions from open burning. Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 625–641, 2011. [1]

Implementation in GEOS-Chem

Jenny Fisher (U. Wollongong) and Min Huang (JPL) are working with Christine Wiedinmyer to implement FINNv1 into the standard version of GEOS-Chem. This implementation will include a number of features, many of which are improvements over the non-standard implementations currently used (see below):

1. Improved speciation for GEOS-Chem, including specialty simulations like SOA
2. Compatibility with new emissions module (including use of netcdf, high-resolution inputs, online regridding, etc.)
3. GFED-like online computation of emissions for most species based on emissions of a single species for each land type (significantly reducing file storage requirements)
4. Ability to use daily or monthly emissions

If you have questions or suggestions, please contact Jenny Fisher (jennyf@uow.edu.au) and Min Huang (Min.Huang@jpl.nasa.gov). --Bob Y. 10:54, 13 May 2014 (EDT)

UPDATE (July 2014)

A new version of FINNv1 emissions has been implemented in GEOS-Chem v9-02 and is currently being incorporated into HEMCO for inclusion into v10-01. The new implementation starts from CO2 emissions (gridded to high resolution from original FINN files) for 6 different land types. CO2 emissions are converted to emissions of other gas phase and aerosol species using emission ratios provided by Christine Wiedinmyer. Emissions of non-methane organic compounds are derived from a single NMOC species (also computed from ratios to CO2) using speciation factors (also provided by Christine Wiedinmyer). These calculations are performed online in GEOS-Chem, then summed over land types and regridded to model resolution. FINN can be used with daily or monthly resolution, and emissions will be available with a lag of approximately 6 months behind real time (in special cases, near-real-time emissions can also be provided).

This implementation includes support for many species, including those used in specialised GEOS-Chem simulations. Some of these species are not currently emitted in publicly available releases of GEOS-Chem, and interested users will be responsible for adding relevant emissions-related code (i.e. defining IDBs, etc.). No changes to the FINN code itself should be necessary to use these species. The current list of FINN species includes:

1. Species currently emitted by biomass burning in standard versions for full chemistry and/or specialty simulations (no code changes necessary): CO2, CO, CH4, NO, SO2, OC, BC, NH3, ACET, ALD2, ALK4, BENZ, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, CH2BR2, CH2O, CH3BR, GLYC, GLYX, HAC, MEK, MGLY, PRPE, TOLU, XYLE
2. Species either not currently emitted or emitted but not by biomass burning in standard versions (code changes necessary): ACTA, CH3CN, CH3I, DMS, EOH, HCN, HCOOH, HNO2, ISOP, MACR, MNO3, MOH, MVK, R4N2, RCHO, LIMO, MTPA, MTPO
3. Species currently lumped online in the FINN code: ETBENZ (with TOLU), STYR (with TOLU), TMB (with XYLE), APINE (with MTPA), BPINE (with MTPA), CARENE (with MTPA)
4. Species/groupings that don't currently exist but that are defined in FINN inputs for possible implementation by interested users: AROM, FUR, ROH, RCOOH, SESQ

For the original lumping of VOCs into GEOS-Chem species, see FINN_final_lumping.pdf

Potential future updates include more detailed treatment of terpenes and of secondary species like PAN. If you have an interest in working on emissions of these species, please contact me (jennyf@uow.edu.au) and/or Christine (christin@ucar.edu).

--Jenny Fisher, 4 June 2014

Current non-standard implementations

As of IGC6 (May 2013), FINNv1 has been implemented in non-standard versions of GEOS-Chem by at least 3 groups. These implementations allow users to use the ASCII emissions files (or a converted gridded netcdf equivalent) available directly from http://bai.acd.ucar.edu/Data/fire/. If you are interested in working with FINNv1 emissions immediately, please contact Jingqiu Mao (Jingqiu.Mao@noaa.gov), Min Huang (Min.Huang@jpl.nasa.gov), or Jenny Fisher (jennyf@uow.edu.au).

--Bob Y. 10:54, 13 May 2014 (EDT)

GFED2

The GFED2 biomass burning emissions are obsolete and have been superseded by GFED3.

--Bob Y. 15:30, 13 February 2015 (EST)

FLAMBE biomass emissions

NOTE: At this time FLAMBE has not been implemented into the mainline standard GEOS-Chem, but it has been used for the NRT-ARCTAS codes. Therefore probably only a small fraction of GEOS-Chem users will be concerned with these emissions at this time. (Bob Yantosca, 13 May 2014)

Data issues

Jenny Fisher wrote:

Sorry to revisit the old FLAMBE issues, but we are seeing some strange results in the fire emissions, and I am trying to verify with Ed Hyer that we are processing the data correctly.

To get a handle on how we are processing the file, I have been looking in Philippe's directory ~phs/IDL/dvpt/flambe/

I took a look at some of the data files in the data/ directory in there. In the column that corresponds to carbon emissions (column 11, or 10 in IDL accounting), I see values that range from 4.95e4 to 765e4. Hyer tells me that in his version of the files, these range from 4.95 to 7650 (i.e. 4 orders of magnitude different). We are assuming these emissions are in g/m2, which they clearly aren't at our values.

Do either of you know if I am looking at old files, and if what we have looks more like what he has? Or are we processing things 4 orders of magnitude too large?? Or, are we assuming a different unit on the emissions when we actually process them? I can't seem to find raw flambe data files anywhere besides Philippe's development directory...

Philippe Le Sager wrote:

We had a couple of problems with the data. The one that gave me headache was the difference between forecast and analysis data, which can be mixed in some files. There was the issue of double counting fires seen by both GOES and MODIS, and we found a problem with unit. It was Kg instead of g as advertised in the ppt [that was given to us] (the only documentation for the data). Ed did correct the files and back processed the data on its server.

I have a "new" directory in my test data. You probably look at the old set of data. The new one is in the "new" subdirectory:

   /home/phs/IDL/dvpt/flambe/data/new/

You can also still get the data at the following website:

   http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol_web/arctas_flambe/data_hourly/

Finally here are some totals we check w/ Maria and Jingqiu:

   Data for one set of satellites was still given Kg.  Now fixed, I have the following
   total for one day all over the world, assuming 3 land types. Seems reasonable, no?

   NOx (Tg N) assuming ALL is savanna / trop forest / extraTrop forest:
     0.080809369     0.063615890      0.10316091

   CO (Tg) assuming ALL is savanna / trop forest / extraTrop forest:
     4.6422410       7.5160097       7.8107557

   SMOKE (Tg) assuming ALL is savanna / trop forest / extraTrop forest:
     0.47039473      0.47039473      0.47039473

--Bob Y. 15:07, 18 February 2009 (EST)

Obtaining the FLAMBE data

Raw data

The FLAMBE biomass burning data files are available at the following archive: http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol_web/arctas_flambe/data_hourly/.

Bob Yantosca has some scripts that can be used to download the data (contact him for more info). These are:

sleepFlambe

Perl script which issues a Unix wget command to download one day (24 hourly files) of FLAMBE data to disk.

wrap_flambe.pro

IDL batch file which acts as a driver for looping over all 24 hours of FLAMBE data for a given date.

read_flambe.pro

IDL program which reads each FLAMBE "raw" data file and saves it to GEOS-Chem bpch format.

Processed data

The processed FLAMBE data (for input to GEOS-Chem) are kept on the Harvard data archive in the directories:

ftp ftp.as.harvard.edu
cd /pub/geos-chem/NRT-ARCTAS/flambe/YYYY/MM

where YYYY/MM are the year and month of the data. Currently we have the full data archive from 2008 and 2009, with some months of 2010.

--Bob Y. 14:32, 10 February 2010 (EST)

Duncan et al "Seasonal" Biomass Emissions

See Bey et al [2001].

References

1. Duncan, B.N., et al., Interannual and Seasonal Variability of Biomass Burning Emissions Constrained by Satellite Observations, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 4040, doi:10.1029/2002JD002378, 2003. PDF
2. Hyer, E., FLAMBE Biomass Burning emissions for ARCTAS, 2008. PDF
3. Lobert, J. M., W. C. Keene, J. A. Logan, and R. Yevich, Global chlorine emissions from biomass burning: the reactive chlorine emissions inventory, J. Geophys. Res., 8, 2999-3014, 2008.
4. Mu, M., J.T. Randerson, G.R. van der Werf, L. Giglio, P. Kasibhatla, D. Morton, G.J. Collatz, R.S. DeFries, E.J. Hyer, E.M. Prins, D.W.T. Griffith, D. Wunch, G.C. Toon, V. Sherlock, and P.O. Wennberg, Daily and 3-hourly variability in global fire emissions and consequences for atmospheric model predictions of carbon monoxide, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 116, D24303, doi:10.1029/2011JD016245, 2011.
5. Nassar, R., J. A. Logan, I. A. Megretskaia, L. T. Murray, L. Zhang, and D. B. A. Jones, Analysis of tropical tropospheric ozone, carbon monoxide and water vapor during the 2006 El Niño using TES observations and the GEOS-Chem model, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D17304, doi:10.1029/2009JD011760, 2009. PDF
6. van der Werf, G., J.T. Randerson, L. Giglio, G.J. Collatz, M. Mu, P.S. Kasibhatla, D.C. Morton, R.S. DeFries, Y. Jin, and T. T. van Leeuwen, Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009), Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 16153-16230, 2010. PDF

--Melissa Payer 15:10, 21 February 2012 (EST)